Sita Mata Wildlife Sanctuary: A Verdant Wilderness in Rajasthan

Sita Mata Wildlife Sanctuary is one of Rajasthan’s most enchanting and ecologically diverse protected forests. Spread over nearly 423 square kilometers, the sanctuary lies at the junction of the Aravalli Hills, Vindhya Range, and the Malwa Plateau. This unique geographical location makes the region a mosaic of dense forests, rivers, valleys, and plateaus, providing shelter to a wide variety of flora and fauna.

Declared a sanctuary in 1979, it is renowned not only for its wildlife but also for its cultural and mythological connections. According to legend, Goddess Sita spent her exile years here, giving the sanctuary its sacred name. Today, Sita Mata Wildlife Sanctuary is a thriving eco-tourism destination that draws nature lovers, birdwatchers, researchers, and pilgrims from across India.

Flora of Sita Mata Wildlife Sanctuary

The sanctuary is often described as the green lung of Rajasthan because of its rich forest cover. More than 50% of the canopy is dominated by teak trees, making it one of the few teak-rich regions in the state.

Key Plant Species:

• Teak (Tectona grandis) – forms dense forests.

• Salar, Tendu, Mahua, Neem, Bamboo, Rudraksha, Ashoka, Bel – add to the ecological variety.

• Over 800 plant species, including 108 medicinal plants, of which 17 are endangered.

• Orchids and climbers thrive in the moist valleys.

This diversity of vegetation not only enhances the beauty of Sita Mata Wildlife Sanctuary but also sustains the wide variety of animal and bird life found here.

Fauna of Sita Mata Wildlife Sanctuary

The wildlife wealth of the sanctuary is truly remarkable. It is home to more than 50 species of mammals, 325 species of birds, 40 species of reptiles, 9 amphibians, and around 30 species of fish.

Mammals

• Flying Squirrel: The star attraction of Sita Mata Wildlife Sanctuary. Visitors can often see these nocturnal creatures gliding between trees at dusk, especially near Arampura.

• Chousingha (four-horned antelope): Rare and unique to Indian forests.

• Leopard, Sloth Bear, Hyena, Jackal, Wild Boar, Nilgai, Jungle Cat, Pangolin: Regularly sighted in different zones.

Birds

Sita Mata Wildlife Sanctuary is a paradise for birdwatchers. Both resident and migratory species thrive here, making it a hotspot for avian diversity.

• Over 300 species of birds, including:

  • Peafowl, Parakeets, Eagles, Storks, Egrets, Kingfishers, Flycatchers, Sunbirds, Herons, Sandpipers.

  • Rare sightings include the White-throated Ground Thrush and Black-necked Monarch.

Reptiles & Amphibians

The sanctuary supports crocodiles, monitor lizards, snakes, tortoises, and tree frogs—maintaining ecological balance.

Mythological & Cultural Significance

What makes Sita Mata Wildlife Sanctuary truly unique is its strong cultural connection. It is believed that Sita, the wife of Lord Rama, lived here during her exile and gave birth to her sons Luv and Kush.

Important religious sites inside the sanctuary include:

• Sita Mata Temple – a sacred pilgrimage spot.

• Valmiki Ashram – where Sage Valmiki is said to have stayed.

• Hanuman Temple, Bhrigu Bawari, and Sita Bari – draw devotees, especially during festivals.

Every year in July, the Sita Mata Fair attracts thousands of devotees from Rajasthan, Gujarat, and Madhya Pradesh, blending spirituality with eco-tourism.

Attractions & Activities

Visiting Sita Mata Wildlife Sanctuary is a rewarding experience for both wildlife enthusiasts and casual travelers.

Wildlife Safari

Jeep safaris and guided walking trails offer opportunities to spot animals and birds in their natural habitat. Sunset safaris are the best for witnessing flying squirrels in action.

Birdwatching

Areas near Jakham Dam and Nangaliyan are perfect for bird lovers, especially during migratory season.

Camping & Trekking

Eco-tourism camps, forest cottages, and tree houses near Poonga Talab and river banks provide adventurous stays. Trekking trails through valleys and waterfalls make it a nature lover’s delight.

Photography

The lush green landscapes, waterfalls, and diverse wildlife provide endless opportunities for wildlife and nature photography.

Religious Tourism

For pilgrims, the temples and mythological sites add a spiritual dimension to the visit, making it a holistic travel experience.

Best Time to Visit

• October to February – Pleasant climate, ideal for safaris and birdwatching.

• July to September – Monsoon transforms the forest into a lush green paradise, though access may be limited.

• March to June – Summer months can be extremely hot, with temperatures reaching 45°C.

Timings & Entry Fees

• Timings: 9:00 AM – 6:00 PM

• Entry Fee: Around ₹20 for Indian visitors and ₹80 for foreign tourists. Separate charges apply for cameras and video recording equipment.

How to Reach Sita Mata Wildlife Sanctuary

• By Air: The nearest airport is Maharana Pratap Airport, Udaipur (about 80–145 km away).

• By Rail: The closest railway stations are Mandsaur (28 km) and Chittorgarh (110 km).

• By Road: The sanctuary is well connected by highways, with buses and taxis available from Udaipur, Pratapgarh, and nearby cities.

Why Visit Sita Mata Wildlife Sanctuary?

1. Rich Biodiversity – Experience the most diverse wildlife zone of Rajasthan.

2. Unique Species – Rare sightings of flying squirrels and four-horned antelopes.

3. Cultural Heritage – Deeply linked with the Ramayana and ancient mythology.

4. Eco-Tourism – Enjoy safaris, birdwatching, trekking, and camping.

5. Spiritual Tourism – Visit temples and take part in the famous Sita Mata Fair.

Sita Mata Wildlife Sanctuary is more than just a forest—it is a living blend of nature, history, and mythology. From dense teak forests and exotic wildlife to sacred temples and cultural fairs, the sanctuary offers something for everyone. Whether you are a wildlife enthusiast, a spiritual seeker, or an adventure traveler, this sanctuary promises an unforgettable journey into Rajasthan’s hidden wilderness.